The island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe consists of two islands in the Gulf of Guinea off the west coast of Africa, about 250 miles from the coast of Gabon. Though it is one of the smallest nations in Africa, the country contains a diverse ecosystem and stunning landscape consisting of lush rainforests and sandy beaches. Though not a major player in the global sand mining industry, São Tomé and Príncipe face many challenges related to sand collection and desertification. The nation has unregulated sand mining along its coast, which threatens fragile ecosystems and the stability of coastal areas, as well as undermining habitats for marine life. This in turn leaves the islands more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, including rising sea levels and storm surges that pose a risk to its populace. A solution must be made to combat illegal sand mining practices, curb desertification, and preserve the natural beauty of the idyllic island nation.